Whitney v. California(bad tendency test->the possibility of the danger)274 U.S. 357(1927)
Facts:被告結合工團組織鼓吹反政府的宣傳,被控違反加州刑法。
Holding:Judgment for P(U.S.).
Rationale:1. Majority:A state may pu ......(詳全文)
2009-10-30 02:20:00 |
Texas v. Johnson(焚燒國旗案)491 U.S. 397(1989)
Facts:被告以焚燒國旗作為對政治不滿的訴求,政府以(1)preventing breaches of the peace and (2)preserving the flag as a symbol of nationhood and national unity為由,判決被告flag ......(詳全文)
2009-10-29 02:20:00 |
Schenck v. United States(clear and present danger test)249 U.S. 47(1919)
Facts:被告印製反戰傳單,阻礙政府招募及徵兵,並主張徵兵違憲,被控違反間諜法,對美軍戰事影響甚鉅。
Holding:Judgment for P(U.S.).
Rationale:We admit ......(詳全文)
2009-10-28 02:20:00 |
New York Times Co. v. United States(the theory of prior restraint)403U.S. 713(1971)
Facts:美國機密被媒體取得公開,造成新聞媒體的言論自由v. 軍事安全。
Holding:Judgment for D.
Rationale:The press was protected by the First ......(詳全文)
2009-10-27 02:20:00 |
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan376 U.S. 254(1964)
Facts:原告是州警長告紐約時報刊登內容不實之廣告,其中影射原告亦涉案其中,事實上原告並未參與。
Holding:Judgment for D.
Rationale:Debating on public issues should be uninhibite ......(詳全文)
2009-10-26 02:20:00 |
Gitlow v. New York(bad tendency test->the possibility of the danger)268 U.S. 652(1925)
Facts:被告印製報紙宣傳以暴力與不法之手段來推翻政府,並自稱革命時代的來臨而被訴。
Holding:Judgment for P(U.S.).
Rationale:1. Major ......(詳全文)
2009-10-25 02:20:00 |
Feiner v. New York(about hostile audience敵對性言論)340 U.S. 31547(195119)
Facts:原告在大街上公開指摘當政者,並宣導黑人以武力爭取社會平等,經警制止而未果,並引起旁觀者之反感而被逮。
Holding:Judgment for P(N.Y.).
Rationa ......(詳全文)
2009-10-24 02:20:00 |
Cohen v. California(about fighting words)403 U.S. 15(1971)
Facts:被告在公眾場合穿著反越戰徵兵的夾克,表達自己的言論,以違反社會秩序安寧為由,被控違法。
Holding:Judgment for D.
Rationale:The conviction rests upon the offe ......(詳全文)
2009-10-23 02:20:00 |
Brandenburg v. Ohio(The modern incitement test=Incitement imminent lawless action standard,是clear and present danger test之進化版)395 U.S. 444(1969)
Facts:被告為3K黨成員,被控以電視影帶方式公開鼓吹種族歧視的反社會行為,而 ......(詳全文)
2009-10-22 02:20:00 |
Abrams v. United States(bad tendency test and marketplace of ideas)249 U.S. 47(1919)
Facts:被告印製反戰傳單,意圖勸誘美國軍火工廠工人癱瘓戰爭所需物資,被控違反間諜法,對美軍戰事影響甚鉅。
Holding:Judgment for P(U.S.).
R ......(詳全文)
2009-10-21 02:20:00 |